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Extractions
Several times the decayed tooth goes beyond repair and needs to be removed. Due to bite fracture, accidental trauma, long term decay if neglected, these are few reasons why a tooth might not be in a condition for repair, restoration or even an RCT (Structural loss). In such a case the tooth is Extracted from the arch. The region is anaesthetized (made numb to pain) and Extraction is carried out without any pain to the patient. In some cases, even a minor or major surgery might be needed, This depends on the condition of the tooth and is ascertained at the time of diagnosis by the doctor. Three main categories of Extractions are mentioned below, although many other improvised procedures may be applied if the situation warrants.
Regular Extraction
If there is sufficient crown portion intact and the tooth is visible above the gum line, it can be extracted normally without any special mechanisms required.
Root Stump Extraction
Root stump is the root portion of the tooth, left in the socket, after the crown portion has fallen off. Root stumps can be single for front teeth and multiple for back teeth. In fact, the back teeth in upper arch often have three roots. Since the roots are inside the socket, their removal is more difficult than regular teeth.
Third Molar Impaction
Affecting mostly the lower wisdom teeth (third molars), this is by far one of the most difficult form of extractions. Normal upright third molars are extracted like regular teeth. Upright third molar root stumps (if crown has been lost) are also like any other root stump extraction. But due to the space constraints, sometimes the third molar fails to erupt fully (remaining hidden in the bone socket). In few rare conditions, it might be tilted (while being submerged in bone socket) making a sort of pocket for food lodgement thereby encouraging decay and endangering the tooth adjacent to it. This condition is referred to as Impaction. And the impacted tooth is indicated for removal. But due to its position inside the bone, it often needs a surgical removal with bone cutting instruments.
